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The Principle Of Solar Street Light

Cindy / 2013-07-27
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 As the Earth's resources become increasingly scarce, increasingly based on investment costs of energy rising, and a variety of safety and pollution problems are everywhere, solar energy as an "inexhaustible" security, environmental protection and new energy increasingly more attention. Also with the development of solar photovoltaic technology and progress, solar lighting products in the dual advantages of environmentally friendly energy saving, solar lights, garden lights, lawn and other applications has been gradually scale solar power development in the field of street lighting has become increasingly perfect. I point to experience the design of solar lights for reference.


The composition of solar street light

Solar street light consists of the following components: solar panelssolar controllerbatterylight,light pole and light shell. If the output power AC 220V or 110V, but also configure the inverter.


1、solar panels
Solar lights solar panel is the core part of the solar street lights in some of the highest value. Its role is to convert the sun's radiation into electricity, stored in batteries or sent. Among the many solar cells in general and more practical than a single crystal silicon solar cells, polycrystalline silicon solar cells and three kinds of amorphous silicon solar cells. Good enough sunshine in the sun east and west areas, the use of polycrystalline silicon solar cells as well, because the polycrystalline silicon solar cell production process is relatively simple, the price is lower than the single crystal. More rainy days in the sun relative to the south is not very adequate, the use of single crystal silicon solar cells as well, because the performance parameters of single crystal silicon solar cells is relatively stable. Amorphous silicon solar cells in the absence of sufficient sunlight outside is better, because the amorphous silicon solar cells requires the sun is low light conditions.

2, solar controller 
No matter the size of solar lamps, a good charge and discharge controller performance is essential. In order to extend battery life, it must be the charge and discharge conditions, restrictions, and depth to prevent over charge the battery charge. In the large temperature difference, the controller should have qualified temperature compensation. At the same time both solar street lamp controller should control, with light control, time control function, and should have control of the load function automatically cut the night, easy to extend the rainy day street working hours.

3, battery 
Since the input of solar energy photovoltaic power generation system unstable, so in general need to configure the battery system to work. Generally lead-acid battery, Ni-Cd batteries, Ni-H batteries. The choice of battery capacity generally follow the following principles: First, to meet the premise of the night lighting, the solar modules during the day and store it as energy, but also can store the night lighting to meet the needs of consecutive rainy days in power. Battery capacity is too small not to meet the needs of night lighting, battery is too large, on the one hand always in the loss of battery power status, affect the battery life, also causing waste. Batteries should be solar cells, electrical load (lights) to match. Used a simple method to determine the relationship between them. Solar power must be 4 times higher than the load power over the system to work properly. Solar battery voltage exceeds the battery voltage to 20 to 30%, in order to ensure the normal negative charge to the battery. Battery capacity must be higher than the consumption of the load at more than 6 times better.

4, light source 
Solar lights solar lamps adopted whether the source is an important indicator of normal use, the general lighting using low-voltage solar energy saving lamps, low pressure sodium lamp, lamp, DLED source.

  • Low energy-saving lamps: low power, high light efficiency, but the service life of 2,000 hours, low voltage lamp black, generally suitable for solar lawn light, garden light.
  • Low pressure sodium lamps: low pressure sodium lights with high efficiency (up to 200Lm / w), subject to the inverter, low pressure sodium expensive, making the system highly, with less.
  • Discharge lamp: low power, high light efficiency. The lights in 220V (pure sine wave, frequency 50 Hz) under normal use of electricity, up to 50,000 hours life, life in the solar lights on and the general energy-saving lamps significantly reduce the almost (because solar lighting is a square wave inverter , solar power 220V output frequency, term position, voltage is not compared and the general city electricity).
  • LED: LED light source, long life, up to 1 million hours, low voltage, no inverter, a high luminous efficiency, domestic 50Lm / w, import 80Lm / w. As technology advances, LED performance will be further enhanced. I believe that the LED light source as solar street light will be a trend.

5, light pole and lamp housing 
Pole height should be based on the width of the road, the distance between lamps, standard-setting road illumination. Shell lamps in our solar lights collect a lot of foreign data, between the aesthetic and energy saving, most have chosen to energy saving, lighting look less demanding, and the relative utility on the line.

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